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Cold Agglutinins in HIV-Seropositive Participants and Diagnosis of Respiratory Disease Due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Division of Mycoplasmology, Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India

Ramachandran Vignesh, MSc

Infectious Diseases Laboratory, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, IT Corridor, Taramani, Chennai, India

Pachamuthu Balakrishnan, MSc, PhD

Infectious Diseases Laboratory, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, IT Corridor, Taramani, Chennai, India

Vijayakumar Velu, MSc, PhD

From the Division of Mycoplasmology, Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India

Esakimuthu Ponmalar, MD

Malar's Health Centre, Tambaram Sanatorium, Chennai, India

Kailapuri G. Murugavel, MSc, PhD

Infectious Diseases Laboratory, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, IT Corridor, Taramani, Chennai, India

Shanmugam Saravanan, MSc, PhD

From the Division of Mycoplasmology, Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India

Panneerselvam Nandagopal, MSc

Infectious Diseases Laboratory, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, IT Corridor, Taramani, Chennai, India

Kownhar Hayath, MSc, PhD

From the Division of Mycoplasmology, Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India

Suniti Solomon, MD

Infectious Diseases Laboratory, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, IT Corridor, Taramani, Chennai, India

Appasamy Vengatesan, MSc, PhD

Madras Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India

Usha Anand Rao, MSc, MD, PhD

Division of Mycoplasmology, Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India, drushaanand{at}gmail.com

Objectives. Cold agglutinin (CA) titers are one among the first pathological indicators for diagnosing Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease. We prospectively studied the prevalence of CAs in 300 HIV-positive and 75 HIV-negative individuals with respiratory disease in Chennai, India. Methods. The cold agglutination test was used and retrospectively compared with the results of a particle agglutination test. Results. While CAs were positive in 51 HIV cases, particle agglutination test detected anti-M pneumoniae antibodies from 43 cases with HIV disease (P = .001). The seroprevalence of CAs was 2.6% (n = 2) among HIV-negative participants. The mean CD4 count in CApositive and -negative HIV cases was 107.4 + 121.2 and 259.2 + 247.2 cells/µL (P = .001), respectively. Conclusion. Our report suggests a basis for the existence of CAs in HIV-positive cases. Definitive diagnosis may be done only when CA detection is used in conjunction with a specific test.

Key Words: cold agglutinins • HIV • Mycoplasma pneumoniae • respiratory disease

This version was published on July 1, 2009

Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC), Vol. 8, No. 4, 229-234 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1545109709337744


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